二战美军最强炮台：日军狂轰3个月未拿下

2021-03-04 10:03

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标签：二战美军炮台菲律宾

美国人在菲律宾搞的那个军舰样的混凝土要塞，名叫“德拉姆堡”（Fort Drum）位于菲律宾马尼拉湾湾口，始建于1909年，为美属菲律宾众多海岸炮台中的一部分。主炮为四门356毫米40倍径M1909岸防炮（图5），装在两个炮塔里，需要特别说明的是虽然炮塔看上去像战列舰上的，但是作为陆军的要塞炮跟海军的并不通用，四门152毫米M1908MII岸防炮布置在侧后的炮廓里（图6），另外还有若干高炮和机枪。

二战美军最强炮台：日军狂轰3个月未拿下

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                   "note": "因为岛子小地方小不便于安插火炮阵地，驻菲陆军工程兵中尉约翰·金曼（John J. Kingman）提出了一个大胆的想法，把这座可怜的岛子炸平，然后在其上建设一座混凝土要塞，之后经过不断修改最终成了后来的军舰样。",
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                   "note": "历经9年建设后1918年6月17日德拉姆堡竣工，主炮为四门356毫米40倍径M1909岸防炮。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "装在两个炮塔里，需要特别说明的是虽然炮塔看上去像战列舰上的，但是作为陆军的要塞炮跟海军的并不通用，四门152毫米M1908MII岸防炮布置在侧后的炮廓里。",
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                   "note": "德拉姆堡后部有一座当时美国海军爱用的笼式火控塔，布置测距仪和探照灯，堡垒上部还建设有木制的兵营，用以在夏日堡垒内部酷暑难耐时避暑，这些上层建筑在战时均被拆除来给主炮清理射界。",
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                   "note": "珍珠港事件后美日开战，1942年2月6日日军调集重炮轰击德拉姆堡，双方炮战长达两个月，德拉姆堡毫发无损，日军随后继续调集火炮轰击，炸到了4月仍然啃不下德拉姆堡。",
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                {
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                   "note": "5月6日中午11时40分，德拉姆堡收到温赖特命令，于正午12时停火投降，投降前美军仔细破坏了岛上的火炮和设施，破坏工程进行得非常彻底，没有一门火炮被日本人成功修复重新使用。",
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                {
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                   "note": "1945年初，美军反攻菲律宾，马尼拉湾口各岛上的原美军要塞均被日军当作据点据守，德拉姆堡上的日军炮灰来自喂鱼的战列舰武藏号的幸存者。1945年2月美军开始试图夺回德拉姆堡，使用舰炮和航空炸弹轰击，但是鬼子仍然负隅顽抗。美国人想起来之前往鬼子掩体里灌汽油焖烧效果不错，遂故技重施，用登陆艇往德拉姆堡的通风口里灌了3000加仑的汽柴油混合油，还堆了600磅的定时炸药，随后撤离。",
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                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "炸药起爆后，大火引爆了152毫米炮弹的弹药库，爆炸和燃烧持续了两天，岛上的鬼子全都熟了。",
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                ,
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                   "note": "战后德拉姆堡被遗弃，直到2009年菲律宾海岸警卫队在岛子上建设了一座航海信标塔。",
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