科学艺术图片大赛揭晓 "地磁反转"夺冠

2011-11-19 10:20

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美国普林斯顿大学2011年科学艺术图片大赛获奖作品已然揭晓，物理学家克里斯托夫·吉辛格的作品《地磁反转》获得第一名。科学艺术大赛创办于2005年，2009年后每年举行一届。这场赛事为研究人员和学生提供了一个平台，允许他们与其他人分享自己在研究过程中发现的美丽事物。（来源：《新科学家》编译：shooter）

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2011，温州的多灾之年

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                   "note": "显微镜下的一种海洋生物，宽度大约在15微米左右，2010年捕获。照片使用扫描电子显微镜拍摄。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVC8T05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVC8T05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVC8T05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVC8T05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVC8T05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "压电纳米结构，在将压电材料置于高温高压环境下形成。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVD4R05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVD4R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVD4R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVD4R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVD4R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "为了了解大自然的基本构成，科学家制造了大型粒子加速器，通过让粒子束发生相撞进行研究。为了了解加速器，他们又制造小型装置，模拟粒子束的行为。这幅照片就是在进行模拟实验时拍摄的。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVDHC05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDHC05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDHC05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDHC05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDHC05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "顶部的图像展示了豹纹蝶的复眼从不同距离看到的同伴，图像从小到大，距离从远到近，从左上角的4.3米到最右侧的18厘米。底部左侧是距离同伴7厘米时看到的图像，右侧为豹纹蝶原始照片。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVDRU05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDRU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDRU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDRU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVDRU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "再结晶的环式糊精。再结晶过程可用于产生金纳米颗粒。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVF3505RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVF3505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVF3505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVF3505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVF3505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一种彩虹色生物，被称之为“钙质超微浮游生物”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVFF405RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFF405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFF405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFF405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFF405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "这幅图像揭示了坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂平原的捕食者与猎物之间的关系，涵盖植物、哺乳动物以及一些病原体。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVFVI05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFVI05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFVI05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFVI05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVFVI05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "通常情况下，熵与混乱联系在一起，但具有讽刺意味的是，在熵最大化情况下也能形成高度对称性的有序结构，例如照片展示的沃罗诺伊结构。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVGQA05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVGQA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVGQA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVGQA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVGQA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "光学显微镜照片，展示了不同厚度薄膜内晶体形态如何变化，从较薄薄膜中的杆状变成较厚薄膜中的球粒状。照片中的颜色由薄膜干涉效应导致。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVH3Q05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVH3Q05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVH3Q05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVH3Q05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVH3Q05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "冰岛的固氮植物Lupinus nootkatensis，当地人对这种植物态度不一。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVHMR05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVHMR05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVHMR05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVHMR05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVHMR05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一幅显微照片，展示了一层用于支撑超导铝桥的氮化硅。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVJ0605RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ0605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ0605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ0605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ0605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "在金属层蚀刻掉后，电子电路内不同导体层之间的电触点暴露出来，周围的二氧化硅因为被蚀刻掉留下一个洞。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVJ8905RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ8905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ8905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ8905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVJ8905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "利用采用编码孔径成像技术的望远镜观察到的恒星，恒星周围的黯淡天体是一颗行星。这种成像技术有助于探测到环绕附近恒星运转的行星。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVK4B05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVK4B05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVK4B05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVK4B05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVK4B05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "照片利用显微镜、暗场成像装置和红光过滤器拍摄，展示了一个超导微波共面传输线内出现的弯曲，放大倍率50倍。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVL4505RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVL4505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVL4505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVL4505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVL4505RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一幅与大陆漂移和地震研究论文有关的图像，位置和亮度代表论文使用的“区域”、“断层”或者“地壳”等单词出现的次数。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVLB905RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVLB905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVLB905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVLB905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVLB905RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "二维纳米星图案，采用电子束平版印刷获得。这些平面金属（镍和锡）纳米星可以折叠成3D纳米钳，尺寸只有人发直径的大约1/300。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVM0H05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVM0H05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVM0H05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVM0H05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVM0H05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "氧化锌纳米结构，好似蒲公英。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVMMJ05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "这幅作品名为“每朵玫瑰都有自己的刺”，使用扫描电子显微镜拍摄，展示了氧化锌纳米结构。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVNB405RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVNB405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVNB405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVNB405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVNB405RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "低温热液处理后的氧化锌纳米结构，好似天鹅绒地毯。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVO1P05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVO1P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVO1P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVO1P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVO1P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "氧化铝坩锅和一个船形容器，充当600至1200摄氏度纯氧环境下进行固态反应的容器。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVOUF05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVOUF05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVOUF05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVOUF05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVOUF05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一幅名为“无题”的作品，展示了晶体薄膜装置。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVP5O05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVP5O05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVP5O05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVP5O05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVP5O05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "焦散方向图，每层代表来自一个不同横向角度的光线，内层为90层，外面的层分别为75度、60度、45度、30度和15度。每层内的图像代表一个不同的纵向角度。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVQHM05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVQHM05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVQHM05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVQHM05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVQHM05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "经过活性离子蚀刻处理的硅装置。这个装置有一个氧化层（浅褐色）和一个光致抗蚀层（深褐色），前者用于定义装置结构，后者用于在晶片蚀刻时保护装置。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVRH605RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRH605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRH605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRH605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRH605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "一个硅片，在设计上用于控制漂浮在液态氦表面的电子。受测电子充当量子计算中的量子位元。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVRS605RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRS605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRS605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRS605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVRS605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "照片使用透射电子显微镜拍摄，展示了用于制造量子级联激光器的半导体片横断面。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVSHJ05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVSHJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVSHJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVSHJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVSHJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "拥有纳米块面的铼（11-21）表面，由高温下铼表面上的碳形成。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVT3E05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVT3E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVT3E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVT3E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVT3E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "激光器顶视图，采用型腔设计。这个装置的表面覆盖一层金，用于导电，这也就是为什么作品取名为“黄金螺旋”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVTG105RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVTG105RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVTG105RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVTG105RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVTG105RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "植物的卷须，呈卷曲状，有左向螺旋，也有右向螺旋。卷须通过缠绕抓紧植物以获得支撑。",
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                   "note": "研究神经元时绘制的模拟图，用以了解单个神经元的动力学规则和神经网络集体行为之间的关系。所有6幅模拟图均采用同样参数，只有随机初始电压存在差异。",
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                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J5BVVDD05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVVDD05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVVDD05RQ0001.jpg",
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                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J5BVVDD05RQ0001.jpg",
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                   "note": "利用磁场模拟黑洞产生的景象。中央的黑点代表黑洞视界流线，灰线代表物质流线，红线代表磁场线，绿线代表流入物和流出物之间的边界。",
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                ,
                {
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                   "note": "灵敏压电支架阵列上的神经细胞。在电的刺激下，神经细胞发生变形，向下方的支架施加压力，导致支架发生弯曲，进而通过压电效应产生电信号。这幅照片由电子扫描显微镜拍摄，神经细胞的直径大约在20微米左右。",
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        }