美环境总署八万张照片曝光历史上的环境危机

2011-11-18 14:20

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标签：美国环境问题经济发展

20世纪60年代末，经历战后快速发展的美国迎来了经济上的腾飞，不过大量的环境污染问题也随之而来，美国民众开始呼吁采取行动保护环境。1971年11月，新成立的美国环境保护署宣布进行一项名为“Documerica”的计划，主要是通过大量的照片来记录美国从经济发展到环境保护这一变化过程。美国环保署希望通过这种方式来展现人类和自然环境间是如何互相影响的，以及若干年后美国民众如何看待这一段历史。截止到1974年，该计划已经收集了8万多张照片，并全部收录在美国国家档案馆。（来源：《大西洋杂志》编译：艾芳）

美环境总署八万张照片曝光历史上的环境危机

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                {
                   "id": "7J4NFMMJ05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMMJ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年9月，俄勒冈州佛罗伦萨市的一家娱乐公园里，一辆沙丘汽车正从一个陡坡上滑下。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFMGN05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMGN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMGN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMGN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFMGN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年6月，俄勒冈州波特兰市，由于汽油短缺，一家加油站不得不挂出“暂停营业”的招牌。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFLRQ05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFLRQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFLRQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFLRQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFLRQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年5月，加利福尼亚州，拥挤的汽车让好莱坞大道一片混乱。 ",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFL9205RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFL9205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFL9205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFL9205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFL9205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年5月，为保护布里齐·波恩特小岛，纽约市政府下令禁止在此建设高楼。这是几幢正在建设的高楼被勒令停止施工。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFKVE05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFKVE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFKVE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFKVE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFKVE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1974年4月，弗吉尼亚州里奇兰兹市，这里是弗吉尼亚—波卡洪塔斯煤矿公司的3号煤矿，矿道距离地表约1250英尺。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFK9R05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFK9R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFK9R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFK9R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFK9R05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1974年8月，伊利诺伊州芝加哥市，两位生活在白人贫困区的年轻人。 ",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFJSP05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJSP05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJSP05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJSP05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJSP05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1974年4月，一辆列车正从南太平洋铁路线上驶过。铁路的下方是一个面积约5英亩的池塘，这里已经成为当地一家汽车厂的垃圾场。池塘里充斥着具有腐蚀性的臭水、油污、废弃的汽车、动物死尸和其他废弃物。在美国环保署的监督下，经过几届市政府的努力，这个池塘里的垃圾才被完全清理干净，约120万加仑的废水也被全部抽走。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFJIA05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJIA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJIA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJIA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFJIA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年5月，赌城拉斯维加斯的街道两旁，各种广告招牌栉次邻比。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFIOK05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFIOK05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFIOK05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFIOK05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFIOK05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年7月，阿拉巴马州伯明翰市的北部地区，大量的工业雾霾让这个城市的白天变成了黑夜。该地区是整个伯明翰市污染最严重的区域。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFI9E05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFI9E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFI9E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFI9E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFI9E05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年7月，田纳西州休斯顿市，大量的浓烟正从一家焚烧处理废弃电池的烟囱里冒出。 ",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFHSU05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFHSU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFHSU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFHSU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFHSU05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年5月，内布拉斯加州苏华德市，该市的陪审法官弗雷德·伯恩斯（Fred Burns）正骑着自行车去上班。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFH6605RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFH6605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFH6605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFH6605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFH6605RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1974年6月，新墨西哥州的淘斯镇，这是一间完全由空啤酒罐和饮料罐搭建而成的房屋，图中站在门槛里的就是该房屋的设计者迈克尔·雷诺兹（Michael Reynolds）。整间房屋使用了约7万个易拉罐，比普通房屋的重量轻约20%。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFGKA05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGKA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGKA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGKA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGKA05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年10月，密西根州的安阿伯市，全美首次低污染动力系统研讨会正在该市的一家汽车旅馆里举行。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFGDH05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGDH05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGDH05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGDH05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFGDH05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年8月，阿拉斯加州克拉克矿区的全景图。根据规划，高速公路和输油管道将从图中东边的小山下通过。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFFLQ05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFFLQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFFLQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFFLQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFFLQ05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1974年8月，阿拉斯加州的格伦高速路，一条名为“跨阿拉斯加”的输油线路正在建设中，届时这个直径为48英寸的输油管道将从图中两辆车间穿过。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFF4P05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFF4P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFF4P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFF4P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFF4P05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年6月，成片的油井树立在田纳西州的加尔维斯顿海湾里。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFEUD05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFEUD05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFEUD05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFEUD05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFEUD05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年5月，世贸中心北部，这是正在建设中的下曼哈顿区。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFE5I05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFE5I05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFE5I05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFE5I05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFE5I05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年5月，纽约市，一位男子正在地铁里休息。地铁的车厢完全被各种涂鸦艺术所覆盖。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFDNN05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDNN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDNN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDNN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDNN05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1972年12月，路易斯安那州首府巴吞鲁日市，成堆的废弃油桶被堆放在埃克森石油公司的一个炼油厂里。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFDB205RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDB205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDB205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDB205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFDB205RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "俄勒冈州的尤金市，一个用来观测排污区的热气球正从天空飞过。 ",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFCKT05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFCKT05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFCKT05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFCKT05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFCKT05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年7月，俄亥俄州的克里兰夫市，遮天蔽日的工业灰尘将克拉克大道完全掩盖。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFC4C05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFC4C05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFC4C05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFC4C05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFC4C05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年5月，四名骑自行车的少女正在华盛顿国际机场旁观看一架喷气式客机起飞。飞机产生的巨大的噪音让其中一位少女不得不捂上耳朵。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "7J4NFBSE05RQ0001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFBSE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFBSE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFBSE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2011-11-18/7J4NFBSE05RQ0001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "1973年8月，西佛吉尼亚州的卡诺瓦河畔，在一户民居的背后，矗立着约翰·阿莫斯发电厂的几座水冷却塔。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
            ]
        }