看客：陇南高山上，住着“神”的村庄

2017-02-16 07:48

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标签：武都高山戏传承

武都高山戏起源于鱼龙一带的传统戏种，当地海拔约2000米，“高山”之名由此得来。武都区鱼龙镇下辖的村庄地处偏远，导致当地经济相对落后，另一面却因此保存了自古传下的文化遗产。在西方洋节越来越盛行的今天，他们用传统的戏剧庆祝着刚过去的中国农历新年。摄影/潘超越编辑/刘书琪

看客：陇南高山上，住着“神”的村庄

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                   "note": "图为2017年2月6日，在观音村，武都高山戏演员们在后台准备登场。",
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                   "note": "“踩台”是武都高山戏的演出程式之一，演员在舞台上配合“武场”伴奏表演“凤凰三点头”舞步，包括跳、摇、扭、摆等动作。图为2017年2月6日，在观音村，武都高山戏演员们在舞台上表演“踩台”。",
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                   "note": "图为观音村高山戏舞台一旁的“武场”班子。",
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                   "note": "高山戏的服饰有古典和现代之分。现代服饰接近现代生活，古典服饰的特征主要表现在把式舞队中的把式帽、把式服和旦角服上，多用色鲜艳。表演的道具则是草扇、毛巾、纸扇、纱巾等。图为观音村高山戏后台的饰物和面具。",
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                   "note": "图为2017年2月6日，在观音村，一些村民在后台烤火取暖，他们中多为 “头人”，也就是村里被选派出来组织庙会等相关事宜的人。",
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                   "note": "2017年2月6日，农历初十夜晚，与观音村相隔数公里的王沟村同样热闹非凡，他们的“出灯”仪式才刚刚开始。图为手举花灯的女性村民走过即将上演高山戏的舞台前。",
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                   "note": "图为2017年2月7日晚，在王沟村，一名身着“把式服”的演员在后台张望，等待登场。",
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                   "note": "夜幕降临后，舞台上的节目就正式上演了。图为2017年2月6日，王沟村村民用手机拍摄舞台。",
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                   "note": "2017年2月7日，农历十一，鱼龙镇下起新年第一场雪。王沟村的武都高山戏演员们一早在当地最大的田地上举行“走印”仪式，以求扶正祛邪。",
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                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FNNK3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "把式舞队在“走印”仪式中缓慢行进着。鲜艳的戏剧服饰点缀着白雪，住着“神”的村庄此刻显得格外静谧。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD65BMLP3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-13/CD65BMLP3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-13/CD65BMLP3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-13/CD65BMLP3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-13/CD65BMLP3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "",
                   "note": "人物篇",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42EQP53R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42EQP53R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42EQP53R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42EQP53R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42EQP53R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［本社全，46岁］",
                   "note": "本社全在观音村的小路上。他从事武都高山戏9年有余，一双儿子也都是高山戏演员——24岁的儿子在“跳把式”；25岁的儿子“耍刘备”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42ETCF3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ETCF3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ETCF3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ETCF3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ETCF3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［本飞飞，25岁］",
                   "note": "本飞飞在观音村的小路上。他正前往村庙里准备“出灯”。他是本社全的长子，在武都高山戏的“大身子舞”（即傩舞）中装扮刘备。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42ERSS3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ERSS3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ERSS3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ERSS3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ERSS3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［张赵明，37岁］",
                   "note": "张赵明在观音村的家门口，手提喂猪的饲料桶。清晨，当男性村民前往村庙准备“出灯”时，女性村民通常在家忙家务。一直以来，女性在村里“出灯”时不被允许进入村庙，也没有参与武都高山戏的机会。尽管如今情况有所好转，但适合女性的角色并不多。她有一名17岁的儿子，在“跳把式”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42ES8T3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ES8T3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ES8T3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ES8T3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42ES8T3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［闫瑞东，21岁］",
                   "note": "闫瑞东在观音村的家门口。他“跳把式”2年有余，从小听爷爷和爸爸说起武都高山戏。他说，“跳把式”比玩手机有意思。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42F6813R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6813R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6813R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6813R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6813R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［闫永红，28岁］",
                   "note": "闫永红在观音村高山戏演出舞台上。他受邀担当演出的主持人。平日里，他喜好研究武都高山戏，不仅自己会唱，还会吹笛子。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42F6QP3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6QP3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6QP3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6QP3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F6QP3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［卯平军，66岁］",
                   "note": "卯平军在观音村的老庙前。他十五六岁时唱过武都高山戏，如今自称“唱不动了”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42F77L3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F77L3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F77L3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F77L3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F77L3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［巩强红，5岁；闫伟伟，10岁］",
                   "note": "巩强红（左）与闫伟伟在观音村“出灯”的村庙前。他们是村上的一对伙伴，希望再过几年能参与武都高山戏。一般而言，高山戏演员要求年龄超过12岁。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42F8PT3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F8PT3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F8PT3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F8PT3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42F8PT3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［闫吉杰，64岁］",
                   "note": "闫吉杰在观音村的一户人家门口。他在村里是一名资深的“喜话”，忙于村里的红白喜事40余年，如今在武都高山戏的“把式歌舞”中担任类似“主持人”的角色。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FGPK3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FGPK3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FGPK3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FGPK3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FGPK3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［本瑞东，20岁］",
                   "note": "本瑞东在观音村的树林里身着“旦角”服饰跳“把式舞”。他从18岁开始接触武都高山戏，担任旦角。“旦角”最具特色的饰物是头上的“昭君戴”——蝴蝶型，长5寸、宽2寸许，上有布花，随演员舞动会左右摇摆。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FVVO3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FVVO3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FVVO3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FVVO3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FVVO3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［王俊劳，46岁］",
                   "note": "王俊劳在王沟村春节文艺演出的舞台后台身着戏服排练。他在武都高山戏的舞台故事中扮演张孝一角。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FUHC3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FUHC3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FUHC3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FUHC3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FUHC3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［王社贵，63］",
                   "note": "王社贵在王沟村春节文艺演出的舞台后台。身前摆放的是“武场”（即打击乐）乐器。武都高山戏的“武场”乐器通常有鼓、大锣、大钹、小钹、小鼓、四页瓦、瓷碟等。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FQ333R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FQ333R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FQ333R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FQ333R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FQ333R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［杨村世，38岁］",
                   "note": "杨村世在王沟村的田地里身着“武松”服饰。“武松”一角通常与龙狮队相伴，走在“圆庄”行进队伍的最前端。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FTVP3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FTVP3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FTVP3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FTVP3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FTVP3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［王小中，30岁］",
                   "note": "王小中身着“把式”服饰在王沟村的一片空地上。这是他第一次参与武都高山戏表演。把式服又称“大襟衣”，是由深红、水红两主色做成的棉袄，把式帽被称为“凉壳子”。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42FT6D3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FT6D3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FT6D3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FT6D3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42FT6D3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［王勇琪，14岁；王勇强，22岁］",
                   "note": "王勇琪（左）与王勇强兄弟身着“旦角”服饰在王沟村的山路上。他们正前往村里为展演武都高山戏而搭起的舞台。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "CD42G0GD3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42G0GD3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42G0GD3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42G0GD3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img4.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2017-02-12/CD42G0GD3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "［尹维新，74岁］",
                   "note": "尹维新在武都区的住处内手持收录自己作品的书籍《春来米仓山》。他7岁时与武都高山戏结缘，至今已是当地德高望重的“戏模子”，也是武都高山戏国家级“非遗”项目代表性传承人。因为身体原因，他无法下床，已将高山戏事业授于儿子尹利宝。就这样，2017年的春节已经过去了，但冬天也过去了，春天又来了，即将草长莺飞。",
                   "newsurl": "#"
                }
            
                ,
                {
                   "id": "C667558I3R710001",
                   "img": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2016-11-18/C667558I3R710001.jpg",
                   "timg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2016-11-18/C667558I3R710001.jpg",
                   "simg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2016-11-18/C667558I3R710001.jpg",
                   "oimg": "http://img3.cache.netease.com/photo/0001/2016-11-18/C667558I3R710001.jpg",
                   "osize": {},
                   "title": "更多网易《看客》，敬请点击查看>>>",
                   "note": "",
                   "newsurl": "http://news.163.com/special/insight/"
                }
            
            ]
        }

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